Troubadours were medieval musicians, singers, comedians and actors

Troubadours

Troubadours were medieval musicians, singers, comedians and actors during that traveled throughout Europe. Many troubadours acted as spies and were embroiled in court intrigue. According to noted historian, Paul Lacroix "It was, in fact, the epoch of troubadours, who might be called professional poets and actors, who went from country to country, and from castle to castle, relating stories of good King Arthur of Brittany and of the Knights of the Round Table; repeating historical poems of the great Emperor Charlemagne and his followers. These minstrels were always accompanied by jugglers and instrumentalists, who formed a traveling troop, having no other mission than to amuse and instruct their
feudal hosts. After singing a few fragments of epics, or after the lively recital of some ancient fable, the jugglers would display their art or skill in gymnastic feats or conjuring, which were the more appreciated by the spectators, in that the latter were more or less able to compete with them. These wandering troops acted small comedies, taken from incidents

Key terms associated with the Middle ages - Gothic, black death, the shivering style, crusades, hagiographical literature, leprosy, biblical symbolism, mysticism, feudal system, serfs, peasants, Byzantine style, illuminated manuscript, scriptorium,illuminator, plague

Major Painters of the Middle-Ages

Cimabue
Coppo Di Marcovaldo
Dionysius
Duccio di Buoninsegna
Jacopo Di Cione
Ambrogio Lorenzetti,
Pietro Lorenzetti
Lippo Memmi
Andrea Di Orcagna
Andrei Rublev
Theophanes The Greek
Francesco Traini
Paolo Veneziano

Important Words, People and Principal Phrases, Characteristics Related to the Northern Renaissance Art Movement - allegorical painting, rebirth, invention of oil painting, Hieronymus Bosch, Limbourg Brothers, Desiderius Erasmus, Robert Campin, Jan Van Eyck, Jean Fouquet, Albrecht Dürer, Johannes Gutenberg, Johann Reuchlin, Martin Luther, rise of the merchant class, world landscape, Low Countries, Protestant Reformation, Calvinisim, glazing, impasto, scriptorium, illuminator, invention of the printing press, woodcuts, engravings, Antwerp School, Guild of Saint Luke, commerce, Flemish School, Northern Europe, Flanders, Bruges, renewed interest in classical learning, mythological scenes, genre painting, landscapes, portraits, moralizing overtones, human vices, lust, paradise, spirituality, piousness, living a simple life, reform, Human Reasoning, tradesmen at work, idyllic scenes of peasants, playing games, feasting, linear perspective, \Heliocentric Theory, humour, satire, spiritually significant, illuminated manuscript, idealized biblical themes, scriptorium, emotion, illuminator, iconoclast, Age of Discovery, Virgin and Child, axonometric drawing, curiosity about the natural world, realistic use of colours and light, Old Testament stories, Gospel parables, The Blackdeath, Christian symbolism

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